Employees will exercise their imagination and creativity in their jobs if given the chance and this will give an opportunity for greater productivity. Looking for a flexible role? Yet, despite the relevance of traits for leadership effectiveness, the importance of context and situation should not be underscored. Leader defines limits; the group is encouraged to make decisions. Theory X is often said to describe a traditional view of direction and control. Friendliness – They are friendly to everyone, not to just a select few, displaying a genuine sense of care and concern for others. Conversely, a person who emphasized a concern for production but paid little attention to the concerns of subordinates was a “task” manager. Keywords: trait leadership, theory, five-factor personality model, situation. To a large extent, and given the recent research findings, traits are just the first step to developing effective leadership, © 2008-2021 Custom writing papers. Leader makes a decision and announces it. Leader presents problem. The research is structured as follows: section one presents theories focusing on leader characteristics or traits including great man theory and trait theory; section two presents theories based on leader behaviour and situational models and section three presents the new leadership theories including transformational and … Copyright © 2003 - 2021 - UKEssays is a trading name of All Answers Ltd, a company registered in England and Wales. Partially as a result of the disenchantment with the trait approach to leadership that occurred by the beginning of the 1950s, the focus of leadership research shifted away from leader traits to leader behaviors. For instance, neuroticism is associated with increased emotional instability and hostility in leaders. 1974) Trait Theory Of Leadership. According to the theory, the appropriate style is determined by answers to up to eight diagnostic questions, which relate to such contingency factors as the importance of decision quality, the structure of the problem, whether subordinates have enough information to make a quality decision, and the importance of subordinate commitment to the decision. A person whotried to balance concern for production and concern for people was termed a “middle-of-the-road” manager. Employees are ambitious, keen to accept greater responsibility and exercise both self-control and direction. Unfortunately, contemporary trait leadership research reveals numerous methodological and logical inconsistencies, which do not allow trait theory to become the dominant leadership paradigm. Leadership cannot exist without a leader and one or more followers. The Trait theories Trait theories: leaders possess certain personal quality that leaders had to … They are typically good at reading, writing, telling stories and memorizing words along with dates. Trait theory of leadership is rightly considered as one of the oldest leadership theories ever developed by humans. There is an issue though whether the fans were consulted in this context. The major strength of Manchester United is their brand consciousness, Manchester United is exceptionally recognized globally, and if advertised as the national team with international sponsors. Trait leadership is rightly considered as one of the oldest theories of leadership created by humans. In general, these studies simply looked for significant associations between individual traits and measures of leadership effectiveness. It views leaders as People who inherited leadership traits and based on the fact that the people they succeeded were leaders, and as such, they will also be good leaders because they posses traits of previous leaders. At the beginning of the 20th century, historian Thomas Carlyle said that the world’s history was made by great men’s biographies (Judge, Bono, Ilies & Gerhardt, 2002). Some traits are particularly suited to leadership. In this paper, three main bodies of research and knowledge are Trait, Behaviour and Contingency approaches. A leader’s ability to influence others may be based on a variety of factors other than his or her formal authority or position. There are certain characteristic features in individuals that are usually inherited or developed … Robert Tannenbaum and Warren H. Schmidt were some of the first to make use of the situational approach to leadership. All work is written to order. A threat to Manchester United at present is the Change of leadership in the teamThe club slid from a position as one of the top clubs in the UK in 1970 to a status of mediocrity in 1996.In 1996, Francis Lee, a former player of the club, took over as chairman. Like anything else in this world, there have been many books written on the subject. Leader presents preliminary decisions, which may be changed. The two most famous behavioural leadership studies took place at Ohio State University and the University of Michigan in the late 1940s and 1950s. Here are a few basic attributes of a socially successful person that are worth discussing: Confidence – They display confidence in themselves and successfully execute the projects they lead. Based on what Zaccaro (2007) writes, it would be fair to suggest that trait theory of leadership lacks situational dynamism. 2. Instead of focusing on the context of a specific leadership situation or the subordinates in an organization, trait theory targets only the man or woman in charge. Essay on Essay Summary of Leadership theories There are many leadership theories and the main purpose of all of them is to highlight the factors on which leadership depends to generate best There are many leadership theories and the main purpose of all of them is to highlight the factors on which leadership … 4. According to Yukl (2001), the theory of trait leadership has grown from the earliest attempts to Eternal Sunshine Of The Spotless Mind Theme Essays identify … Take action: When faced with a crisis, effective leaders don’t just sit around and twiddle their thumbs. Three main theoretical frameworks have dominated leadership research at different points in time. Several contingency approaches were developed concurrently in the late 1960s. Many leadership studies based on this theoretical framework were conducted in the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of UKEssays.com. It seems that MU has introduced a broad variety of products from jerseys to Credit Cards Another weakness for Manchester United is that currently, the club has been so flourishing, and it is now working on such a huge level, there is a distressing estimation that the club has now lost its origins, and it is no longer concerned with the game of football, but all about proceeds. Know how to delegate responsibilities to trained and qualified people, Make sure each employee has only one supervisor, Reward appropriate behaviours and results. The trait leadership theory does have the potential to enhance the existing and encourage the development of future leadership abilities; yet, the importance of context and situation should not be easily dismissed. The SWOT Analysis is possibly the most popular instrument utilized in strategic planning and organizational problem solving. Instead, the optimal course of action is contingent (dependent) upon the internal and external situation. Unconstructive outlooks such as this can have a harmful effect on the fans. Inherited personal characteristics were claimed to be at the heart of effective leadership. No plagiarism, guaranteed! Info: 3829 words (15 pages) Essay Name(s): Trait Theory Author: Ralph M. Stogdill Classification: Trait Theory Year: 1974 Pro's That leadership depends upon having certain traits allows behavior modification to become more tenable in producing good leaders, if one takes to heart the writings of B.F. Skinner. Leader trait research examined the physical, mental, and social characteristics of individuals. Trait theory of leadership is rightly considered as one of the oldest leadership theories ever developed by humans. One of the main problems facing leadership scholars is how the concept of trait can be defined. Trait Theory Essay Sample Trait theories which assume the capacity of leadership is the personality acquired by nature, mainly concentrate on personal quality and characteristics. These theories have much in common. All rights reserved, Custom «Trait theory of leadership» Essay Paper essay. More often than not, self-reporting mechanisms were used to develop better knowledge of leadership traits (Colbert et al., 2012). Leaders are born with certain traits that determine their leadership capacity. The threat of punishment must exist within an organisation. Do trait theories provide an important insight into leadership? Therefore, before you commit yourself to starting or expanding a business, first commit yourself to learning – and in the very least recognizing – the personal leadership and management skills needed to initiate and sustain profitable company growth. (2012) that observer ratings and responses could create a good alternative to self-report methods of research in trait leadership. They all focus on attempting to explain how leaders can accomplish extraordinary things against the odds, such as turning around a failing company, founding a successful company, or achieving great military success against incredible odds. Management. Theories of leadership are developed to advance professional knowledge of the leadership phenomenon and enable future leaders to develop skills and traits needed to succeed in a dynamic environment. Theory Y effectively takes the opposite view. Trustworthy – They can be depended upon both with personal exchanges and with projects. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? He recognised the need for stability and structure. Trait Theory of Leadership Essay Keywords: leadership trait theory Leadership can be defined as a process by which one individual influences others toward the attainment of group or organizational goals. Trait theory of leadership can help to advance the knowledge of leaders to a new quality level but, objectively, traits are merely the beginning in the development of effective leadership. The derivation of the SWOT contraction, nonetheless, is difficult to understand. Many ancient theories were built on the premise that leaders possessed physiological or inherited superior abilities that enabled them to manage and direct their followers (Gehring, 2007). We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk. Trait Theory of Leadership: A modification of the Great Man Theory is the Trait Theory which Human beliefs about leaders and leadership gave rise to the development of trait leadership theories (Judge et al., 2002). This consequently implies that any merchandise that they put in the market, with the team name and emblem will be immediately identified by their fans which could arrive to a million. While the list of leadership traits can vary by whoever is drawing up the list, a recent study from Spain outlined behavioral traits that separated lower-level supervisors from higher-level supervisors.5 According to the researchers, the traits most commonly associated with great leadership include: 1. By contrast, openness to experience represents leaders’ tendency to be active, assertive, and social, offering greater opportunities to develop positive relationships with followers (Judge et al., 2002). Leadership Theories Trait Approach to Leadership The trait theory of leadership originated with Thomas Carlyle's Great Man theory centralizing around the idea that individuals have innate traits that distinguish him or her as a leader. Leadership should be distinguished from management. These traits were assumed to be enduring and relatively stable. The behavioral theory is based on “what leaders do and how they do it,” and the theory does depend on what traits the leaders possess since “the behavioral theory goal is to try to prescribe how a … Tannenbaum-Schmidt model has excluded the ‘Laissez-faire’ leadership continuum where employees are free to do whatever they want. Space – They respect other’s privacy and choices. The conclusion of the Michigan studies was that an employee orientation and general instead of close supervision yielded better results. An individual who emphasized neither production was practicing “impoverished management” according to the grid. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on UKEssays.com then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! Each of these approaches to leadership is briefly described in the paragraphs that follow. Free resources to assist you with your university studies! Registered Data Controller No: Z1821391. Leader allows followers to function within the limits defined by a superior. Trait perspective of personality is concern with identifying, describing, and measuring specific traits that make up the human personality. There is a huge breach connecting Manchester United and the subsequent strongest competitor. 2. Moreover, even in the presence of essential leadership traits, leaders’ behaviors may or may not advance their image of an effective professional. Many authors until now have defined or tried to define leadership, Get Full Essay Get access to this section to According to Tannenbaum-Schmidt, it is not a leadership continuum when each employee is free to do what he pleases without the influence of the leadership or other employees. Leadership Trait Theory and Application Essay Trait Theory and Application The "Trait Theory" of leadership has developed most during the past 3 decades and is concerned with amassing the core personality characteristics of known leaders -- both effective and ineffective -- to predict potential for successful leadership. Therefore, a leadership trait is not simply an individual characteristic but necessarily a stable pattern of personal image and behavior, which is directly related to leadership effectiveness and does not change over time. We're here to answer any questions you have about our services. The grid combines “concern for production” with “concern for people” and presents five alternative behavioural styles of leadership. Instead of focusing on the context of a specific leadership situation or the subordinates in an organization, trait theory targets only the man or woman in charge. Employees must be coerced, controlled and directed to ensure that organisational objectives are met. I highly recommend John C. Maxwell’s book entitled “Be a People Person.”. Trait Theory Of Leadership 🎓Before I briefly explain my topic it is necessarily to define the term ''leadership''. A manager may or may not be an effective leader. This need becomes considerably more important when a company is on the verge of expanding. Influenced by the earliest theories, many organizational behavior scholars of the 20th century tried to identify and explain possible correlations between personality traits and the most distinguishing leadership features (Gehring, 2007). They typically learn best by working with others and often enjoy discussion and debate. It would be correct to say that skills and traits that enhance leadership effectiveness in one situation can easily impede the implementation of relevant leadership strategies in a different context (Zaccaro, 2007). Trait theory believes that successful leader has certain personal Only at TermPaperWarehouse.com" 3. According to Yukl (2001), the theory of trait leadership has grown from the earliest attempts to identify personality traits, physical characteristics, and even genetic factors of people claimed to be natural leaders. Nonetheless, there are a number of dangers to Manchester United that has to be taken into account. Four of the more well-known contingency theories are Fiedler’s contingency theory, path-goal theory, the Vroom-Yetton-Jago decision- making model of leadership, and the situational leadership theory. As a result of the lack of consistent findings linking individual traits to leadership effectiveness, empirical studies of leader traits were largely abandoned in the 1950s. Favorability is determined by (1) the respect and trust that followers have for the leader; (2) the extent to which subordinates’ responsibilities can be structured and performance measured; and (3) the control the leader has over subordinates’ rewards. These studies sparked hundreds of other leadership studies and are still widely cited. Papers Of Essay Leadership Theory Trait An effective leader should be determined, strong sense of …. A manager has formal authority by virtue of his or her position or office. The Ohio State studies utilized the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LBDQ), administering it to samples of individuals in the military, manufacturing companies, college administrators, and student leaders. They tend to learn best by reading, taking notes, listening to lectures, and by discussing and debating about what they have learned. Receives suggestions and makes decision. Essentially Theory X and Theory Y describe two opposing views of people at work that will influence management style. Nonetheless, professional researchers are still interested in personality traits and their relation to leadership effectiveness. The trait theory of leadership views leadership as a concept and characteristic inherent in some people and absent in others (Northouse, 2008, p.15). Management involves planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling, and a manager is someone who performs these functions. The trait theorists identified a long list of qualities which leaders possess. If a person emphasized concern for people and placed little emphasis on production, he was terms a “country-club” manager. The Great Man theory and Trait theory were the first form of theories in leadership until the mid 1940s, Trait theory assume that people recieve certain qualities and a particular quality in your personality that make them better to do good leadership. With time, trait theory scholars shifted towards other enduring qualities that differentiate leaders and nonleaders (Zaccaro, 2007). Ronald Reagan Leadership Essay Example Ronald Reagan died on June 5th 2004, however the great things he did as a leader will always be something to remember him for. Ask more questions, make fewer statements, Use the affirmative, not negated language, Distinguish between long term v short term consequence. Finally, an individual who was able to simultaneously exhibit a high concern for production and a high concern for people was practicing “team management.” According to the prescriptions of the grid, team management was the best leadership approach. As a result, leadership traits are merely the beginning in the development of effective leadership. Registered office: Venture House, Cross Street, Arnold, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG5 7PJ. Those claims gave rise to the trait leadership theory. Leadership, by contrast, primarily deals with influence. Leadership Trait Theory by Mark Shead post mortem Leadership trait theory is the idea that people are born with certain character traits or qualities. SWOT indicates the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of a firm. Organized – Their organizational skills are second nature and displayed in all activities.